==Swine in Jewish-Christian Polemics==

Source
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_ben_Reuben_(rabbi) Jacob ben Reuben]: ''Milhamot ha-Shem''
12th century, Provence

If it is because of the abomination, behold, I can give you proofs that you should likewise prohibit the pig because abomination, for the Scripture applies the same principle to it as to the mouse, for it is written: ''Those who ... eat... the flesh of the swine, the reptile, and the mouse, shall one and all come to an end--declares the LORD'' [Is.66:17] Behold, the reptile and the mouse are counted with the swine, andthe Prophet prophetises evil for the eaters [of swine's flesh], and there is no other people than you in the world for whom the swine is permitted; as for the Ishmaelites, for them it is most strictly forbidden, and for us too it is strictly forbidden, but you remain the only ones to eat it, and yoo have forsaken the words in the Scripture spoken bythe Creator, blessed be He, and have walked after the words of contumely with which the wise men of your barren new doctrine deceived you;for there is no brain in their heads; and you have not remembered that it is forbidden in several Scriptural passages. For behold, it is written in one place: ...t''hose...who immolate dogs,/Who present as oblation the blood of swine,/Who offer incense andworship false gods''... [Is.66:3]; and the swine is likened to the dog, so why do you not eat dogs? all this you have seen with your eyes, but did not understand with your thoughts, and you became unclean in the gates of uncleanliness which your agitators andseducers opened for you;but you do not remember that your inheritance is vanity, for your fathers inherited lies, which are futile and worthless [cf. Jer.16:19].
(Milhamot ha-Shem 38-39)

===Bibliography===
Trautner-Kromann, Hanne. Shield and Sword: ''Jewish Polemics Against Christianity and the Christians in France and Spain from 1100-1500.'' Tübingen : Mohr, 1993.

[[category:pig]]
[[category:Jewish]]
[[category:polemics]]

2009-03-10T21:18:11Z

Gattabaissa: /* Pigs in medieval Jewish book illumination */

Pig in Jewish book illumination

2009-03-10T21:17:18Z

Gattabaissa: Pig in medieval Jewish book illumination moved to Pig in Jewish book illumination

==Pigs in medieval Jewish book illumination==

Pigs are very rare in illustrations of medieval Jewish manuscripts. It is not surprising considering the fact that pigs are the par excellene non-kosher animals.

* [[Pigs in the Tripartite Mahzor]]
* [[Pigs in the Second Nuremberg Haggadah]]

Pig in medieval Jewish book illumination

2009-03-10T21:17:18Z

Gattabaissa: Pig in medieval Jewish book illumination moved to Pig in Jewish book illumination

#REDIRECT [[Pig in Jewish book illumination]]

2009-01-27T15:33:27Z

Gattabaissa: /* Folio 7r */

[[Image:Second_Nuremberg_Haggadah_7r.jpg|250px|thumb|''Second Nuremberg Haggadah'', folio 7r, detail. Jerusalem, Schocken Institute Library ms 24087]]
== Pigs in the Second Nuremberg Haggadah ==

[[Image:SNH_7r.jpg|200px|thumb|''Second Nuremberg Haggadah'', folio 7r. Jerusalem, Schocken Institute Library ms 24087]]
==Second Nuremberg Haggadah==
The Second Nuremberg [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haggadah Haggadah]is a liturgical manuscript for Passover. It was produced mid-fifteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashkenazi Ashkenaz]. From the mid-nineteenth century until 1957, it was housed in the City Library of Nuremberg. In 1957, it became part of the Schocken Collection until 2004, when it was bought by David Sofer of London.
Its decoration is compound. There are ritual depictions as well as biblical narratives enriched with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midrash midrashic] material.

===Depictions of pigs===
====Folio 7r====
There are two pigs in the manuscript, both of them constitute part of a building. On folio 7r, at the beginning of the text, ''Mah Nishtanah?'' (''What makes this night different from all other nights?'' This is a rhetorical question raised by a child. It is an introductory question to the retelling of the Exodus story. The folio is decorated with two scenes. The one in the outer margin is depicted a man within an imaginary tower which is placed onto the back of a roar. The figure is pouring out the second cup of wine (during [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover_Seder Seder eve] each participants should drink four cups of wine). The inscription above the figure says, "After the bread of affliction, the second cup is poured out."
The other scene in the lower margin of the folio depicts a child is asking his father about the custom of Seder.

====Folio 27r====
In the outer margin of folio 27r, a similar imaginary building is depicted. A man inside is lifting up the third cup of wine. The top of the building is decorated with a giant flower and a roar leaning on its stem.
[[Image:SNH_27r.jpg|200px|thumb|''Second Nuremberg Haggadah'', folio 27r. Jerusalem, Schocken Institute Library ms 24087]]

== Bibliography ==
Kogman-Appel, Katrin. [http://aleph500.huji.ac.il/nnl/dig/books/bk001849516.html Die zweite Nürnberger und die Jehuda Haggada : jüdische Illustratoren zwischen Tradition und Fortschritt.] Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 1999.

K. Kogman-Appel. [http://jnul.huji.ac.il/dl/mss-pr/mss_d_0076/pdf/kogman.pdf "The Iconography of the Biblical Cycle of the Second Nuremberg and the Yahuda Haggadot: Tradition and Innovation"], in The Old Testament as Inspiration in Culture: International Academic Symposium – Prague, September 1995, edited by Jan Heller, Shemaryahu Talmon, Hana Hlaváčková and Martin Prudký, Prague, 2001.

K. Kogman-Appel. [http://www.etf.cuni.cz/~prudky/OTculture/4_4-Kogman-Appel.pdf "The Second Nuremberg Haggadah and the Yahuda Haggadah: Were they Made by the Same Artist?"], in: Proceedings of the Eleventh World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem 1993, Division D, vol. II, Jerusalem 1994, 25-32.

== External links ==
http://jnul.huji.ac.il/dl/mss-pr/mss_d_0076/

== Notes ==

contributor: Zsofia Buda mphbuz01@phd.ceu.hu Central European University

[[category:pig]]
[[category:jewish]]
[[category:Manuscript Illumination]]
[[category:Nuremberg]]
[[category:14th to 16th century]]

Pigs in the Second Nuremberg Haggadah

2009-01-27T15:32:35Z

Gattabaissa: /* Notes */

[[Image:Second_Nuremberg_Haggadah_7r.jpg|250px|thumb|''Second Nuremberg Haggadah'', folio 7r, detail. Jerusalem, Schocken Institute Library ms 24087]]
== Pigs in the Second Nuremberg Haggadah ==

[[Image:SNH_7r.jpg|200px|thumb|''Second Nuremberg Haggadah'', folio 7r. Jerusalem, Schocken Institute Library ms 24087]]
==Second Nuremberg Haggadah==
The Second Nuremberg [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haggadah Haggadah]is a liturgical manuscript for Passover. It was produced mid-fifteenth-century [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashkenazi Ashkenaz]. From the mid-nineteenth century until 1957, it was housed in the City Library of Nuremberg. In 1957, it became part of the Schocken Collection until 2004, when it was bought by David Sofer of London.
Its decoration is compound. There are ritual depictions as well as biblical narratives enriched with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midrash midrashic] material.

===Depictions of pigs===
====Folio 7r====
There are two pigs in the manuscript, both of them constitute part of a building. On folio 7r, at the beginning of the text, ''Mah Nishtanah?'' (What makes this night different from all other nights?. This is a rhetorical question raised by a child. It is an introductory question to the retelling of the Exodus story. The folio is decorated with two scenes. The one in the outer margin is depicted a man within an imaginary tower which is placed onto the back of a roar. The figure is pouring out the second cup of wine (during [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passover_Seder Seder eve] each participants should drink four cups of wine). The inscription above the figure says, "After the bread of affliction, the second cup is poured out."
The other scene in the lower margin of the folio depicts a child is asking his father about the custom of Seder.

====Folio 27r====
In the outer margin of folio 27r, a similar imaginary building is depicted. A man inside is lifting up the third cup of wine. The top of the building is decorated with a giant flower and a roar leaning on its stem.
[[Image:SNH_27r.jpg|200px|thumb|''Second Nuremberg Haggadah'', folio 27r. Jerusalem, Schocken Institute Library ms 24087]]

== Bibliography ==
Kogman-Appel, Katrin. [http://aleph500.huji.ac.il/nnl/dig/books/bk001849516.html Die zweite Nürnberger und die Jehuda Haggada : jüdische Illustratoren zwischen Tradition und Fortschritt.] Frankfurt am Main : P. Lang, 1999.

K. Kogman-Appel. [http://jnul.huji.ac.il/dl/mss-pr/mss_d_0076/pdf/kogman.pdf "The Iconography of the Biblical Cycle of the Second Nuremberg and the Yahuda Haggadot: Tradition and Innovation"], in The Old Testament as Inspiration in Culture: International Academic Symposium – Prague, September 1995, edited by Jan Heller, Shemaryahu Talmon, Hana Hlaváčková and Martin Prudký, Prague, 2001.

K. Kogman-Appel. [http://www.etf.cuni.cz/~prudky/OTculture/4_4-Kogman-Appel.pdf "The Second Nuremberg Haggadah and the Yahuda Haggadah: Were they Made by the Same Artist?"], in: Proceedings of the Eleventh World Congress of Jewish Studies, Jerusalem 1993, Division D, vol. II, Jerusalem 1994, 25-32.

== External links ==
http://jnul.huji.ac.il/dl/mss-pr/mss_d_0076/

== Notes ==

contributor: Zsofia Buda mphbuz01@phd.ceu.hu Central European University

[[category:pig]]
[[category:jewish]]
[[category:Manuscript Illumination]]
[[category:Nuremberg]]
[[category:14th to 16th century]]